Technical Resources

TRICOIL® White Papers

In-depth technical papers by inventor Kenneth L. Eiermann, PE on TRICOIL® dehumidification technology, system variants, and new applications.

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New Application

New TRICOIL® Application
The Combo Coil & Pumpless System

Overview

The TRICOIL® system changes the sensible heat factor of an air conditioning unit so that the unit can match the sensible heat factor of the occupied space. This method has been successfully used for over 20 years. Two common objections have been raised:

  • The three-coil arrangement takes up more room than traditional methods.
  • The system requires a pump that consumes power and occupies space in the equipment room.

This paper describes two new inventions that address both concerns — resulting in a system that is smaller, less expensive to install, and less expensive to operate.

Invention 1 — Eliminating the Pump

The traditional TRICOIL® system uses a small fractional-horsepower pump to circulate water between the precooling and reheat coils. The new pumpless configuration replaces that dedicated pump by using the pressure available in the chilled water supply itself as the driving force to circulate water through the run-around piping.

Key benefit By eliminating the pump, the system removes the cost of the pump and all associated piping and electrical work — making the system less expensive to purchase and install, and more economical to operate.

This approach also allows the same chilled water flow to pass through each of the cooling coils, enabling both coils to share the primary cooling duty. Sharing the cooling load reduces the total heat exchange surface required, which in turn:

  • Reduces air-side pressure loss across the coil bank.
  • Reduces the total cost of the coils themselves, since less heat-transfer surface is needed.
  • Further lowers operating costs.
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Diagram — Traditional TRICOIL® System

Precooling coil → Primary cooling coil → Reheat coil, with dedicated circulating pump.
(Diagram to be added)

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Diagram — New Pumpless TRICOIL® System

Same three-coil layout; chilled water supply pressure replaces the dedicated pump — no pump, no pump electrical, reduced piping.
(Diagram to be added)

Invention 2 — The Combo Coil

The second innovation combines the two cooling coils — the precooling coil and the primary cooling coil — into a single, specially circuited coil assembly: the Combo Coil.

In the traditional three-coil arrangement, incoming air passes first through a precooling coil, then through the primary cooling coil, then through the reheat coil. The Combo Coil merges the first two coils into one unit. The circuiting inside the coil separates the precooling and primary cooling functions hydraulically while sharing the same coil cabinet and air-side face area.

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Diagram — New Single Combo Coil System

Combo Coil (precooling + primary cooling circuits combined) → Reheat coil. Smaller footprint, fewer connections, reduced equipment room space.
(Diagram to be added)

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Detail — The Combo Coil Circuit

Internal circuiting detail of the new single-coil design showing how precooling and primary cooling duties are hydraulically separated within a single coil casing.
(Detail diagram to be added)

Benefits Summary

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No Dedicated Pump

Chilled water supply pressure drives circulation — eliminates pump hardware, electrical work, and maintenance.

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Smaller Footprint

Combining two coils into one reduces the length of the air handling unit and the equipment room space required.

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Lower First Cost

Fewer coils, no pump, less piping, and a smaller air handler all reduce the installed cost of the system.

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Lower Operating Cost

Reduced air-side pressure loss and elimination of pump power consumption lower ongoing energy costs.

❄️

Shared Cooling Duty

Common chilled water flow through both circuits enables each to share the primary cooling load — requiring less total coil surface.

Proven TRICOIL® Foundation

Built on the same recuperative principle that has been successfully installed for over 20 years across hundreds of applications.

Inventor

Kenneth L. Eiermann, PE, is the inventor of the TRICOIL® system and holder of multiple US patents on recuperative dehumidification technology. He is founder of Sensible Equipment Company, Inc. and Eiermann Engineering, Inc., Orlando, Florida.

For engineering inquiries: kle@tricoil.com  ·  (407) 296-8068

Technical Overview

General Background Information
The TRICOIL® Method of Air Conditioning

What Is the TRICOIL Method?

The TRICOIL Method is a cost-effective, energy-efficient enhancement to the standard air conditioning process for the purpose of improving indoor air quality through humidity control. When appropriately fitted, the TRICOIL method also provides control of new energy for preheat and supplemental reheat.

The TRICOIL Method does not replace the standard air conditioning process — it enhances the ability of the air conditioning system to respond to changes in the dehumidification requirement. It is ideal for humid climates where humidity control is imperative for occupant wellbeing.

The Recuperative Process

The TRICOIL Method is a recuperative process. Through a three-coil series airflow arrangement, the air stream serves as both a heat sink (reheat coil) and a heat source (precooling coil). Heat transferred from the precooling coil equals heat transferred to the reheat coil — no new energy is consumed for reheat.

This is not heat recovery All heat used for reheat comes from the precooling process, not a traditional heat recovery source. The precooling also reduces the load on the primary cooling plant — a net energy-saving process.

How the TRICOIL Method Works

Precooling

Mixed or 100% outside air enters the precooling coil. Cool water warms as the air cools. Moisture may condense; a drain pan should be provided. Warmed water transfers to the reheat coil.

Primary Cooling

Air leaving the precooling coil enters the primary cooling coil — the "driver" that powers the recuperative process. May be chilled water, direct expansion, or heat pump.

Reheat — Zero New Energy

Warm water from the precooling coil reheats the supply air to the dehumidification setpoint. The cooled water returns to the precooling coil to complete the cycle.

TRICOIL Pump

A small fractional-horsepower pump circulates water between coils. Flow is modulated via variable pump speed or bypass valve. The pump may be eliminated when chilled water supply pressure is sufficient.

Three Separate Coils vs. the Combo Coil

The standard TRICOIL installation uses three separate coils in series: precooling, primary cooling, and reheat. A chilled water system can share water between primary and precooling coils to optimize coil size. Merging all three into one assembly — the Combo Coil — takes this further.

The Combo Coil — One Coil, Three Functions Fin sheets are continuous through the entire coil assembly. The coil is specially circuited for precooling, primary cooling, and reheat — all in a single casing. Chilled water supply pressure drives flow through all circuits. A booster pump may be added when supply pressure is insufficient.
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Three Separate Coils

Individual precooling, primary, and reheat coils in series. Flexible and modular. Suitable for any chilled water or DX system.

Combo Coil

All three functions in a single specially circuited coil. Smaller footprint, shared chilled water supply, continuous fins, no separate pump required in most cases.

Water as the Heat Transfer Medium

  • No refrigerant beyond what the primary cooling system requires.
  • Compatible with standard hot water heating or heat recovery systems.
  • Hot water to the precooling coil provides preheat for cold-climate freeze protection.
  • Hot water to the reheat coil supplements recuperative reheat in 100% OA systems.

Applications

The TRICOIL Method applies to any air conditioning system, including 100% outside air systems — used for direct room control or as preconditioning in combination with recirculation units.

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White Paper Coming Soon

Additional technical papers will be added here. Contact kle@tricoil.com for advance copies.